Utilization of CO 2 comprises the valorization of CO 2 by for instance hydrogenation to methanol. Carbon capture comprises the capturing of CO 2 from point sources, such as coal-fired power plants. Carbon capture and utilization is a strategy which is supposedly climate mitigating. Broader context As climate change is one of the major challenges for humankind, climate-mitigating strategies are needed. In general, it seems recommendable to introduce carbon capture and utilization within the chemical industry from an environmental perspective.
Holistically polyol production is the conversion technology with the highest potential for reducing environmental impacts. Formic acid produced via hydrogenation and polyol production are the conversion technologies with the highest potential for reducing the global warming impact from a life cycle perspective. This study has identified that in a near- and a long-term scenario the global warming impact for all CO 2 conversions technologies, besides dimethoxymethane, electrochemically produced formic acid, and Fischer–Tropsch production, is negative. Consequential life cycle assessment was chosen as the modeling approach to better understand the system-wide environmental consequences of introducing carbon capture and utilization technologies in the chemical industry. This study assesses twelve CO 2-conversion technologies to provide decision support on the potential life-cycle environmental impacts of each technology.
Previous life cycle assessment studies on carbon capture and utilization focused on the production of one specific chemical or the comparison of C 1 basic chemicals and applied an attributional approach. However, since carbon capture and utilization is an energy and material intensive process, it is unclear whether it allows for a net reduction of environmental impacts from a life cycle perspective. Carbon capture and utilization is a promising approach to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fossil resource depletion in the chemical industry.
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